Appendices

1. Planning Policy Framework verbs

The list below suggests verbs to use and those to avoid when writing strategies for the PPF. A verb is not automatically suitable because it is included in this list.

Verbs must be chosen carefully to achieve the intended outcome.

Encouraging verbs

Allow: to grant permission to or for
Assist: to give support, help or aid
Enable: to make possible or easy
Enhance: to raise to a higher degree, intensify or magnify
Encourage: tostimulate by assistance; approval
Facilitate: to make easier or less difficult
Improve: to bring into a more desirable or excellent condition
Promote: to further the growth, development, progress of; encourage
Prioritise: to give priority to
Strengthen: to make stronger
Support: to uphold by aid; advocacy or endorsement
Upgrade: to assign to a higher status; to improve

Protective verbs

Conserve: to keep in a safe or sound state; preserve from loss, decay, waste or injury
Maintain: to keep in existence or continuance; preserve; retain; to keep in due condition, operation or force.
Preserve: to keep alive or in existence; make lasting; to keep safe from harm or injury
Protect: to cover or shield from injury or danger
Respect: to treat with consideration; relate or have reference to
Retain: to keep possession of; to continue to use, practise; to hold in place or position

Conclusive verbs

Avoid: keep away from or keep clear of
Ensure: tomake sure or certain to occur
Prevent: to keep from occurring; hinder

Discouraging verbs

Limit: to confine or keep within limits; to restrict
Minimise: to reduce to the smallest possible amount or degree
Reduce: to bring down to a smaller extent, size, amount; to lower in degree, intensity
Restrict: to confine or keep within limits as of space, action, choice or quantity
Discourage: to express disapproval of; to dissuade from; to obstruct by opposition

Neutral verbs

(could encourage or discourage depending on context)

Accommodate: to find or provide space for (something); to make suitable or consistent
Allocate: to set apart for a particular purpose; assign or allot
Concentrate: to bring or draw to a common centre or point of union; cause to come close together
Connect: to join or unite; link
Consolidate: to unite or combine; to strengthen
Coordinate: to place or arrange in due order or proper relative position; to combine in harmonious relation or action
Create: to bring into being; cause to exist; produce.
Define: to determine or fix the boundaries or extent of; to make clear the outline or form of; to explain the nature or essential qualities of
Deliver: to give forth or produce
Demonstrate: to make evident by arguments or reasoning; prove
Design: a plan to be executed or constructed; a plan; a project; a scheme
Develop: to bring to a more advanced or effective state; to cause to grow or expand
Direct: to regulate the course of; conduct; manage; control; to point or aim towards a place or an object
Establish: to set up or bring about; to settle or install in a position
Focus: (to make) a central point of attraction, attention or activity; to concentrate
Implement: to put (a plan, proposal etc.) into effect
Increase: to make greater in any respect; augment; add to
Locate: to set, fix or establish in a place, situation or locality
Manage: to take charge or care of; to handle, direct, govern or control in action or use
Offset: to balance by something else as an equivalent; to compensate for
Plan: a scheme of action or procedure; a design or scheme or arrangement
Provide: to furnish or supply
Reinforce: to strengthen; make more forcible or effective
Reserve: to keep back or save for future use, disposal, treatment; to retain or secure by express stipulation
Restore: to bring back to a former, original or normal condition
Specify: to mention or name specifically or definitively; to give a specific character to
Transition: to move from one state, position or stage to another
Undertake: to warrant or guarantee; to take in charge

Verbs to avoid

(provide little/no direction)

Consider: to think carefully; to view attentively or scrutinise
Recognise: to perceive as existing or true; to acknowledge formally as existing
Acknowledge: to admit to be real or true; to indicate appreciation or gratitude for; to certify the receipt of

(controls cannot be included in policy)

Require: to place under an obligation or necessity

Clause	PPF heading	Policy content
11	SETTLEMENT
11.01	Victoria
11.01-1	Settlement	Settlement within Metropolitan Melbourne and the eight regional growth plan areas. Settlement planning for cities and townships. Metropolitan Melbourne green wedges.
11.02	Managing growth
11.02-1	Supply of urban land	The provision of land (residential, commercial, industrial etc.) and infrastructure to support development and meet forecast demand.
11.02-2	Structure planning	Precinct Structure Plans for growth areas.
11.02-3	Sequencing of development	Managing development in growth areas so services are available early for new communities.
11.03	Planning for places
11.03-1	Activity centres	Networks of activity centres. Development of activity centres (such as those based on strategic framework plans).
11.03-2	Growth areas	Location of urban growth. Growth Area Framework Plans.
11.03-3	Peri-urban areas	Management of growth in peri-urban areas. Protecting valued qualities including environmental, cultural or economic.
11.03-4	Coastal settlement	Planning for sustainable coastal development through: settlement boundaries to avoid linear sprawl and protect non-urban breaks protecting environmental values
11.03-5	Distinctive areas and landscapes	Identified and declared distinctive areas. Includes areas with Localised Planning Statements (such as for the Bellarine Peninsula or Yarra Ranges). Managing impacts along the Great Ocean Road.
11.03-6	Regional and local places	Place-based policies that relate to a place that is not covered by clauses 11.01, 11.02 or 11.03-1 to 11.03-5 – such as a township, an urban renewal precinct or a strategic redevelopment area. This clause can only be used for policies that meet all of the criteria outlined in the Place-based policy checklist.
12	ENVIRONMENTAL AND LANDSCAPE VALUES
12.01	Biodiversity
12.01-1	Protection of biodiversity	Identifying and protecting areas of biodiversity including important areas of biodiversity. Providing links between areas of biodiversity. Planting and tree cover to increase habitat.
12.01-2	Native vegetation management	Removal of native vegetation resulting in no net loss to biodiversity. For more general vegetation management see 12.01-1 Protection of biodiversity.
12.02	Marine and coastal environment
12.02-1	Protection of the marine and coastal environment	Protecting natural and environmental values of coastal areas. Managing marine development and infrastructure. Protecting cultural heritage. Coastal acid and sulfate soils.
12.02-2	Marine and coastal Crown land
12.03	Water bodies and wetlands
12.03-1	River corridors, waterways, lakes and wetlands	Water bodies of all kinds except marine and bay environments. Dams – where the principal concern is interfering with the flow of a waterway. The Yarra River.
12.04	Alpine areas
12.04-1	Sustainable development in alpine areas
12.05	Significant environments and landscapes
12.05-1	Environmentally sensitive areas	Protection of environmentally sensitive areas with significant recreational value.
12.05-2	Landscapes	Significant landscapes and open spaces that are not distinctive landscapes identified at Clause 11.03-5.
13	ENVIRONMENTAL RISKS AND AMENITY
13.01	Climate change impacts
13.01-1	Natural hazards and climate change	Climate change – General matters. Natural hazards – General considerations not otherwise addressed in clauses 13.02, 13.03 and 13.04.
13.01-2	Coastal inundation and erosion	Coastal impacts of climate change. River and coastal development susceptible to inundation and erosion.
13.02	Bushfire
13.02-1	Bushfire planning	Bushfire planning for land affected by the Bushfire Management Overlay or included in a Bushfire Prone Area.
13.03	Floodplains
13.03-1	Floodplain management	Managing floodplains. Mitigation of negative impacts of flooding including the protection of life and property. Dams – where the principal concern is reducing flooding impacts.
13.04	Soil degradation
13.04-1	Contaminated and potentially contaminated land
13.04-2	Erosion and landslip	Land degradation processes – management of use and development in areas prone to landslip, erosion etc. Dams – as relevant to erosion or landslip.
13.04-3	Salinity
13.05	Noise
13.05-1	Noise abatement	Using building design, urban design and land separation techniques to manage noise effects on sensitive land uses.
13.06	Air quality
13.06-1	Air quality management	Integration of land use and transport to improve air quality through reduced emissions. Separating uses that generate emissions and more sensitive uses.
13.07	Amenity, human health and safety
13.07-1	Land use compatibility	Amenity, human health and safety impact management. Off-site impacts from commercial, industrial and other uses. Conflicts between uses within a zone (e.g. non-residential uses in residential zones or caretaker’s residences in industrial areas. Interface impacts between different zones (e.g. dwellings that abut an industrial zone. Licensed premises – managing the amenity impacts they generate. Sexually explicit entertainment venues – managing the amenity impacts they generate.
13.07-2	Major hazard facilities	Minimising the potential risk to humans and property from major hazard facilities. Providing for the ongoing viability of major hazard facilities.
13.07-3	Live Music
14	NATURAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENT
14.01	Agriculture
14.01-1	Protection of agricultural land	Protection of productive agricultural land. Criteria for the assessment of non-agricultural uses in farming zones. Housing in agricultural zones: excisions, development, subdivisions (excludes rural residential development).
14.01-2	Sustainable agricultural land use	Animal husbandry and other animal industries including animal keeping, training, breeding. Horticulture. Sustainable management of ongoing agricultural land use.
14.01-3	Forestry and timber production
14.02	Water
14.02-1	Catchment planning and management	Protecting and restoring the natural function of catchments. Managing impacts on downstream water quality including from development.
14.02-2	Water quality	Protecting surface and ground water quality. Managing land use and development to protect impacts on downstream water quality or flow.
14.02-3	Protection of declared irrigation districts
14.03	Earth and energy resources
14.03-1	Resource exploration and extraction
15	BUILT ENVIRONMENT AND HERITAGE
15.01	Built environment
15.01-1	Urban design	Urban design. Signs – placement, appearance and treatment of different types of signs (except signs along a transport route that forms part of the transport system such as Eastlink or the Metropolitan Ring Road, which belong under Clause 18.02-3 Road system).
15.01-2	Building design	Building design including: residential, commercial and industrial.
15.01-3	Subdivision design	Neighbourhood design Subdivision design – particularly those covered by Clause 56
15.01-4	Healthy neighbourhoods	Designing a physical environment that supports: community interaction physical activity
15.01-5	Neighbourhood character
15.01-6	Design for rural areas	Design in rural areas including: approaches to townships along tourist routes ridgelines and hilltops This policy relates to design for more general rural areas. For significant landscapes or other sensitive natural areas see Clause 11.03-5 Distinctive areas and landscapes or Clause 12.05 Significant environments and landscapes.
15.02	Sustainable Development
15.02-1	Energy and resource efficiency	Energy use reduction – through building design such as orientation, passive heating and cooling, natural ventilation. Vegetation retention and planting as part of development and subdivision to help cool the environment and help combat climate change.
15.03	Heritage
15.03-1	Heritage conservation	Managing development of heritage places. Excludes statements of significance or detailed, place-specific design guidelines. These are to be incorporated into the schedule to the Heritage Overlay (see PPN 01- Applying the Heritage Overlay for more information).
15.03-2	Aboriginal cultural heritage
16	HOUSING
16.01	Residential development
16.01-1	Housing supply	Facilitating well-located, integrated and diverse housing that meets community needs. Increasing diversity in the types and configuration of housing to meet changing household needs. Increasing housing in established urban areas and reducing new dwellings in greenfield, fringe and dispersed development areas. Directing higher density residential development to areas well serviced by public transport, employment, commercial and community facilities. Housing supply – excludes: Amenity, human health and safety impacts and interface issues – see Clause 13.07-1 Land use compatibility housing affordability – see Clause 16.01-2.
16.01-2	Housing affordability	Supporting housing affordability through: increasing housing choice using design to minimise environmental impacts and reduce costs facilitating the provision of affordable housing for very low to moderate income households
16.01-3	Rural residential development	Housing in areas where rural residential development is expected or preferred – excludes dwellings and dwelling lot excisions in the Farming Zone – see Clause 14.01-1 Protection of agricultural land.
16.01-4	Community care accommodation	Facilitating the confidential establishment of community care facilities.
16.01-5	Residential aged care facilities	Facilitating the development of residential aged care facilities that: are integrated with services and the community cater to a range of needs are designed to respond to site and context
17	ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
17.01	Employment
17.01-1	Diversified economy	Facilitating growth in emerging employment sectors. Protecting existing employment areas and planning for new ones. Growing and diversifying rural economies.
17.01-2	Innovation and research	Facilitating growth in the knowledge economy. Supporting the development of business clusters. Innovation and research precinct development (e.g. the Latrobe employment cluster).
17.02	Commercial
17.02-1	Business	Meeting the community’s need for retail, entertainment, office and other commercial services.
17.02-2	Out-of-centre development	Managing out-of-centre development to not undermine existing centres and provide a net community benefit.
17.03	Industry
17.03-1	Industrial land supply	Allocating sufficient land for all industrial needs.
17.03-2	Sustainable industry	Protecting the viability of industries through buffer distances, their location and other measures.
17.03-3	State significant industrial land	Protecting industrial land of state significance to allow for future growth.
17.04	Tourism
17.04-1	Facilitating tourism	Excludes what is captured under Clause 17.04-2 Coastal and maritime tourism and recreation.
17.04-2	Coastal and maritime tourism and recreation
18	TRANSPORT
18.01	Land use and transport
18.01-1	Land use and transport integration	Integrating land use and transport to develop a transport system that facilitates access to social, cultural, and economic activities.
18.01-2	Transport system	Location and design of new transport routes for all modes. Locating and designing movement networks to balance the needs of different users of the transport system.
18.01-3	Sustainable and safe transport	Designing a safe transport system that promotes health and wellbeing and is sustainable.
18.02	Movement networks
18.02-1	Walking	Encouraging efficient and safe walking networks that link with the transport system. Improving walking infrastructure.
18.02-2	Cycling	Encouraging efficient and safe bicycle networks that link with the transport system. Protecting and improving Strategic Cycling Corridors. Improving cycling infrastructure.
18.02-3	Public Transport	Integrating major transport projects with public transport infrastructure. Protecting and developing the Principal Public Transport Network and Regional Rail. Integrating land use and development with public transport infrastructure.
18.02-4	Roads	Design of road networks and declared roads and freeways. Design for safe movement of people and goods. Protecting and development of the Principal Road Network. Allocating land for car parking based on demand taking into account all modes of transport. Efficient provision and use of car parking facilities. Design and location of car parking facilities.
18.02-5	Freight	Protecting and developing the Principal Freight Network. Improving freight and logistics system and precincts.
18.02-6	Ports
18.02-7	Airports and airfields
19	INFRASTRUCTURE
19.01	Energy
19.01-1	Energy supply	Facilitating development of energy supply infrastructure including at a local level to help diversify local economies. Supporting the transition to a low-carbon economy.
19.01-2	Renewable energy	Renewable energy facilities on a commercial scale.
19.01-3	Pipeline infrastructure	Pipeline infrastructure provision and protection.
19.02	Community infrastructure
19.02-1	Health facilities	Includes, hospitals, medical centres, health and health-related facilities and the like.
19.02-2	Education facilities	Includes childcare, early learning centres, kindergartens and the like.
19.02-3	Cultural facilities	Increasing access to arts, recreation and other cultural facilities.
19.02-4	Social and cultural infrastructure	Providing a fairer distribution of and access to social and cultural infrastructure, including community facilities.
19.02-5	Emergency services	Emergency service infrastructure location.
19.02-6	Open space	Public open space areas – distribution and/or management.
19.03	Development infrastructure
19.03-1	Development and infrastructure contributions plans	Development Contribution Plans. Infrastructure Contribution Plans.
19.03-2	Infrastructure design and provision	Subdivision – providing an integrated approach to the planning and engineering design of new subdivisions. Engineering design for subdivisions - Infrastructure Design Manual.
19.03-3	Integrated water management	Water supply, treatment and re-use including alternative water sources such as rainwater collection. Sewerage. Drainage. Dams – where the principal concern is more general water supply. Stormwater – quality, management and treatment. Water sensitive urban design (WSUD).
19.03-4	Telecommunications	Telecommunication facilities and infrastructure.
19.03-5	Waste and resource recovery	Waste and resource recovery – infrastructure provision. Waste reduction. Waste facilities – appropriate provision – including domestic, commercial and industrial.

Disclaimer

This publication may be of assistance to you but the State of Victoria and its employees do not guarantee that the publication is without flaw of any kind or is wholly appropriate for your particular purposes and therefore disclaims all liability for any error, loss or other consequence which may arise from you relying on any information in this publication.

Page last updated: 09/06/23

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